90
PRIMAEVAL MAN IN THE VALLEY OF THE LEA.
The forgers produced the last and finest flaking with a bootmaker's
awl or similar instrument, used after the manner indicated in
fig. 13. Bootmakers' awls were, of course, not in use in Palaeo-
lithic times ; but in Neolithic times little stone tools, called "fabri-
cators," were in common use. Almost identical flint "fabricators"
Fig. 14.—" Fabricator," probably
used for the last and finest chip-
ping of implements (one-half
actual size).
Fig. 15.—"Fabricator" from Little
Thurrock (one-half actual size).
of Palaeolithic age are found with stone implements in the Lea
Valley gravels. One was illustrated in the "Transactions of the
Essex Field Club," vol. iii., p. 134. The publication of this figure
led my friend, Mr. Benjamin Harrison, of Ightham, in Kent,
to look for similar objects
amongst the Palaeolithic
relics of his neighbourhood,
and he soon lighted on the
excellent example illustrated,
one-half actual size, in fig. 14.
This specimen is shown on
the right hand of fig. 13 in
the act of use, just as the
forgers used the bootmakers'
awl.
Another type of imple-

Fig. 16.—"Fabricator" from Little Thurrock (one-
half actual size).
ment which I class amongst

"fabricators" is shown, one-
half actual size, in fig. 15. The example illustrated was found
with other Palaeolithic relics by me at Little Thurrock. The
right hand figure shows a side view, and the "cone of percus-
sion" is at the bottom right hand corner. The part used for
flaking is at the top, and is obtuse pointed. When the body of an