210 ON THE LAND AND FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA
living specimen I found in the garden at Carswell, Barking Side, on
the 29th June, 1882, and kept it alive in a fernery till Feb., 1883,
over seven months. I had not an opportunity of dissecting it, as I
had intended, for, after missing it for some time, I found it dead and
putrid. No one to whom I showed it, either at the British Museum
or elsewhere, had ever seen a British specimen of this variety, or
monstrosity, in the living state.
Helix nemoralis, L. Everywhere abundant in hedgerows,
sides of ditches, and generally among nettles. I used to get the
cottagers' children to collect this brown-lipped and a few other species,
and thus looked over some thousands. At our club meeting on 24th
Sept., 1881 ("Journ. Proc. E.F.C," ii., p. lx.) I exhibited a fine
series of 96 of these shells, with varied colours and bands, chiefly
from Wanstead and Barking Side.
H. hortensis, Muller. In hedgerows, ditches, and among
nettles, in East Ham, Leyton, and Leytonstone Lane; but this "white-
lip" is very local, invariably smaller than H. nemoralis, and not
so plentiful.
H. cantiana, Montfort. Hedgerows, gardens, &c., Wanstead,
Barking Side, Leytonstone, East Ham, river walls at Barking Creek,
&c.; common. The delicate epidermis on the young shells of this
snail is closely beset with fine deciduous setae or hairs.
H. concinna, Jeffreys. Fairly common in brushwood and
dead leaves, Barking Side and Wanstead Park; with
H. hispida, L. Ditto, and hedgebanks, Redbridge Lane,
Wanstead ; abundant.
H. sericea, Muller. In moist places, under stack-wood, &c.,
Barking Side ; but only a few specimens. The silky "hairs" on the
shell are much finer, and more persistent than in H. hispida.
H. virgata, Da Costa. On the slope of river wall and back-
water at Barking Creek ; very plentiful.
[H. caperata, Mont. This species and its var. ornata, I have
taken on the chalk at Grays, and in hedgerows near Stifford.]
H. rotundata, Muller. This species, with its pretty mottled
and deeply umbilicated shell, is common in all damp places, fields
and hedgerows, in underwood, under loose bark on felled trees,
and woodstacks.
H. rupestris, Drap. Two specimens only in brushwood,
among decaying leaves, at Carswell, Barking Side.
H. pulchella, Muller. At the roots of grass in Roding