FROM MALDON TO CHELMSFORD, AUGUST 8TH, 1891.
which now divides the Glacial gravel of the plateau of Tiptree Heath
from that of Danbury.
Beacon Hill, between Wickham Bishop and Great Totham on
the right, and Danbury on the left, are noticeable as hills of some-
what unusual height for this part of Essex. At the County Asylum
of Wickham Bishop a well of unusual interest was sunk about a
dozen years ago. The base of the London Clay was found at a
depth of 295 feet from the surface, then the Woolwich and Reading
Beds were pierced, and at 343 feet a fault was crossed and the
Diagram to illustrate the effect of the Fault at the Wickham Bishop Well.
W.—Well. F.—Fault. L. C—London Clay. W. B.—Woolwich Beds. T. S.—Thanet Sand
C.-Chalk.
London Clay again bored through and its base reached at 383 feet.
Mr. W. H. Dalton described this well and the fault in our
"Transactions" (vol. ii., pp. 15-18, pl. 1), and there gives a diagram
showing a reversed fault, or one inclining to the upthrow, and not,
as usual, to the downthrow. The late Searles Wood, on the other
hand, in his note on the subject in our "Transactions" (vol. iv.,
June, 1885), prefers to account for the peculiar section in the well by
the supposition that there is a very singular S-like fold in the strata,