20 OLD LOUGHTON HALL. illumined for a moment by the lurid light of the conflagration in which it vanished for ever. After his accession to the estate, Mr. Maitland took the house in hand and carried out extensive alterations, both inside and out. The illustration which accompanies this paper (taken from a water- colour sketch at Golding's Hill, the home for many years of his widow) is thought to represent the exterior as it was just before the fire. The building presented, according to a contemporary account,21 two frontages, each 162 feet long, with a depth of 65 feet, being of what is called the Elizabethan style originally, and, from a date on the leaden spouts, would seem to have been erected about the year 1616. The front had been modernized, continues the writer, and ornamented along the line of facade with pilasters, over which ran a range of columns, both of the Doric order. Within, the recent decorations were generally of the Ionic and Corinthian orders, richly gilded at the capitals. Over £6,000 had, it is said, been recently spent on mere building operations, and fifty rooms were destroyed or damaged. The fire seems to have had its origin in a beam in the library chimney, and burst forth early on the morning of Sunday, December nth, 1836. The butler, awakened by the library bell, which was fortunately set ringing by the fall of some burning material on to the wire attached to it, roused the household, and all were soon got out of danger. But none too soon ; for "in a few seconds the whole [west] wing was one body of fire." The subscription fire-engine ("from Chigwell," says one account) and the neighbours were quickly on the spot ready to help. The only supply of water, how- ever, was from a pond 360 yards distant. Two servants rode off to London, and by ten o'clock two other fire-engines, hurried down as fast as four post-horses in each could drag them, were on the spot. The west wing was then hopelessly burnt, and the energies of the firemen were bent on the east one, containing the kitchen offices, with rooms above them. Fears were at one time entertained for the ancient church of S. Nicholas, in which, of course, no morning service was held. Fortunately, however, there was no wind, and it escaped damage. Some few things were dragged out of the house on to the lawn and saved ; but the magnificent library of over 10,000 printed volumes and MSS., many rare, and some said to be unique, was destroyed, together with a costly collection of pictures which, it 21 "Essex Standard," December 16, 23, 30, 1836; "Essex Herald," December 13, 1836,