10 NOTES ON THE GEOLOGICAL SECTION AT CHELMSFORD.
only express the hope that the old landmarks now identified will be
preserved with all the respect to which their history entitles them and
that the owners of the land on which the prostrate stones once stood,
will take steps to have the latter set up, and protected in future from
all chance of damage by agricultural operations.
NOTES ON THE GEOLOGICAL SECTION AT
CHELMSFORD, IN WHICH MAMMOTH AND
OTHER REMAINS WERE DISCOVERED
IN NOVEMBER, 1894.
By T. V. HOLMES, F.G.S., Vice-President.
[Read March 9th, 1895.]
AT the meeting of the Essex Field Club at Chelmsford on
November 24th, 1894, the lower jaws of a Mammoth (Elephas
primigenius), which had been found a few days before in a brick-
pit belonging to Mr. Brown, were exhibited. It was then too dark
to allow of a visit to the pit, but on November 29th I was enabled
to inspect it, and fortunate enough to secure the company of Mr. E.
T. Newton, of the Geological Survey, who kindly offered his services
in determining the species of any mammalian remains found therein.
Mr. W. Cole kindly met us at the railway station, and conducted us
through the Recreation Ground to the required spot.
The railway south of Chelmsford Station has a general N.N.E., and
S.S.W. direction. On the map of the Geological Survey (I.N.E.
Drift Edit.) the words "Brick yards" may be seen a few yards south
of the spot at which the River Can crosses the railway. The pit in
question is just where the a of "yards" appears, on the western side
of the railway embankment, rather more than half a mile southward
of Chelmsford Station. It is in the series of deposits called by the
general name of "brick-earth," from their most important con-
stituent, which extend from the junction of the River Can with the
Wid, on the west, to Moulsham on the east, a distance of about a
mile and three-quarters. The average breadth of ground covered is
about a quarter of a mile. A deposit of similar character is shown
west of the Wid at Widford, but none has been noted anywhere else
in the vicinity of Chelmsford.
A general glance at the map of the Geological Survey shows that
west and north of Chelmsford the country consists of a plateau