THE POST-PLIOCENE NON-MARINE MOLLUSCA OF ESSEX. 95
that these species have migrated into this district in more
modern times. There are other forms also now living in the
brook which are unrepresented in both beds and which may be
of still more recent introduction.
ROXWELL.
In 1889 Mr. R. W. Christy, in a paper read before this
Club and published in the Essex Naturalist (26), listed
twenty-six species of Mollusca found in an alluvial deposit which
had been exposed during the process of draining a field on
Duke's Farm, Roxwell. The examples are now at the Natural
History Museum.
SHALFORD.
Mr. W. M. Webb sent for our inspection a series of shells
from Shalford, five miles N.W. from Braintree. These had
been obtained from a small quantity of material sent to him by
the Vicar, the Rev. A. J. Law, that had been taken from
a drain at a depth of 3—31/2 feet in "the Marsh," situate 400
yards S.E. by S. from the Vicarage, and 2,500 yards N.W.
from Abbott's Hall. The species are thirty-three in number and
the deposit is of the same age as those at Chignal and Roxwell.
Should it ever be again exposed it is to be hoped that further
investigation will be made, as there is no doubt that only
a small portion of the molluscan fauna is exemplified in the
material obtained as above mentioned.
COPFORD.
To the late Mr. Searles V. Wood fell the honour of first
calling attention to the beds at Copford, perhaps the most
interesting, certainly the best known, of all the Essex deposits.
In March, 1834, he mentioned that he had received examples of
Valvata piscinalis from this locality, and asked for further infor-
mation (1). In answer to this, a letter appeared two months
later from Mr. J. Brown, of Stanway (2), who stated that all the
shells were very badly preserved, and that he had only succeeded
in obtaining perfect specimens of Valvata piscinalis, Planorbis sp.,
and Cyclas rivicola. Two years later (3) he mentions as occurring
two species of Valvata, Lymneus sp. (apparently stagnalis),
Lymneus glutinosus and Paludina sp. ;" while in 1838, Professor
John Morris records Limnea pereger and Valvata piscinalis (5). It