THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB.
369
"Wake Arms" for nearly 30 years, and had previously been long in use in
the forest. Mr. Gearing had presented the specimen to the Epping Forest
Museum. Mr. Cole said that this form of bell was still used on the forest,
where the sound was so much more in keeping with the surroundings than
the wretched cheap door-bells, which some owners were now attaching to
their cattle, and they could, he thought, be heard at a greater distance.
Mr. Gearing also exhibited and presented to the Club an implement
made out of a red deer's antler, dug up in March, 1891, at Wormingford,
Essex. This specimen is fully described and figured in Mr. Worthington
Smith's paper in the last part of the Essex Naturalist (vol. x., pp. 310 -12,
and further commented on by Mr. Lovett in the present part (ants p. 351).
A vote of thanks was passed to Mr. Gearing for these interesting specimens.
Mr. F. W. Elliott read a paper on "The Existing Trees and Shrubs of
Epping Forest." The paper was illustrated by fresh specimens of very many
of the species referred to.
A long discussion on special points in the paper was carried on by the
President, Mr. Sewell, Mr. W. Cole, and the Author.
Alluding to the statement made by Mr. Elliott on the destruction wrought
on the spindle-tree by a caterpillar belonging to the genus Hyponomeuta, Mr.
Cole called attention to the remarkable discovery recently made by M.
Marchal connected with the reproduction of a parasite (Encrytus fuscicollis)
found in the larva of the Hyponomeuta. A single egg of the parasite deposited
in the larva became by a process of budding a series or chain of eggs, which
ultimately might produce 50 or even 100 individuals. The discovery was one
of the most remarkable entomological observations of late years, and opened
up an interesting field for investigation in the life-histories of Hymenopterous
parasites.
A cordial vote of thanks was passed to Mr. Elliott for his paper (which
will appear in the next part of the E.N.) and the meeting ended.
RAMBLE IN EPPING FOREST [SOUTHERN
PORTION) AND 179TH ORDINARY MEETING.
Saturday, May 2ist, 1898.
The spring ramble was continued on this afternoon in portions of the
Forest but seldom visited by the Club. The party assembled at Snaresbrook
Station, and the route was by the Eagle Pond, through Gilbert's Slade, by
the East London Waterworks Reservoirs, through the woodlands by Gilbert's
Slade, Rushey Plain to Highams Park, and thence west of Woodford over
Whitehall Plain to Queen Elizabeth's Lodge at Chingford.
Our member, Mr. D. J. Scourfield and Mr. Sidwell, brother students of
Microzoa, were of the party, and during the ramble halts were made at
various ponds, such as the Eagle Pond, Higham Park Lake, Warren Pond,
&c, to enable collections of pond-life to be made. A considerable amount
of material was obtained, including a fine gathering of the beautiful Volrox
globator from a little pond in Gilbert's Slade. Mr. Scourfield reports that
although among the Entomostraca obtained there were several rather rare
species, such as Macrothrix laticornis, Ilyocryptus sordidus, Leydigia quadrangularis,
and Alona affinis, the general character of the collections of these animals