AND ADDITIONS TO THE FAUNA.
159
Paludestrina marginata, Mich.
P. ventrosa, Mont.
Unio tumidus, Retz.
Corbicula fluminalis, Müll.
Sphaerium mainanum, Kobelt.
Pisidium amnicum, Müll.
P. fontinale, Drap.
Fifteen of these are new records from the Uphall beds—
viz., Agriolimax agrestis, Vitrea crystallina, Arion ater, Punctum
pygmaeum, Pyramidula rotundata, Helicella itala, Helix hortensis,
Clausilia laminata, C, bidentata, Planorbis glaber, P. spirorbis, Valvata
cristata, Paludestrina ventrosa, P. marginata, and Sphaerium
mainanum ; whilst we have been able to verify four records of
which no specimens were known, namely, Pupa muscorum, Vertigo
antivertigo, Carychium minimum, and Ancylus fluviatilis.
The commonest shells are those of Corbicula fluminalis and
Helix nemoralis. The latter are mostly 5-banded. Several have
all the bands merged whilst we obtained one 3-, two 4-, and a
couple of 6-banded specimens.
Arion ater is entirely new to the Pleistocene, and Helix
hortensis to the Thames Basin Brickearths. As the former is
represented by a single granule and as the latter is not easily
distinguishable, in a fossil state, from Helix nemoralis, we sub-
mitted them to Messrs. A. S. Kennard, and B. B. Woodward,
who consider the identification to be correct.
Eulota fruticum, Paludestrina marginata, Corbicula fluminalis and
Sphaerium mainanum are all extinct in Britain, though still living
elsewhere.
The specimens of Helicella itala differ considerably from the
existing forms and are identical with the only other known
specimen from the Thames Valley Drift, viz., the one which Mr.
L. W. J. Abbott obtained from the cutting at West Thurrock 1
and which is now in the British Museum (Natural History).
Mr. Martin A. C. Hinton whose recent paper on the
"Pleistocene Deposits of the Ilford and Wanstead District" 2
should be read in connection with this, has kindly gone through
our Mammalian remains, and has recognised, among other
1 See A. S. Kennard and B. B. Woodward. "Post-Pliocene Non-Marine Mollusca of
Essex." Essex Naturalist, vol. x. (1897), p. 87-109.
2 Proceedings Geologists' Assoc., Vol. xvi., part for Feb., 1900 (in the press). See
abstract of this paper, by the author, with some further observations, in the present part of
the Essex Naturalist, post.—Ed.