ILFORD AND WANSTEAD. 163
Both here and at Wanstead I have obtained many Palaeolithic
implements (chiefly flake tools) from the High Terrace Drift.
As to the foreign boulders of the High Terrace Gravels the
occurrence of quartzites, Triassic sandstones, sarsens, gneiss,
Carboniferous chert, and mica schist was mentioned. Many of
these boulders are of considerable size and it was suggested that
they might have been carried by river ice. Recently I obtained
four large fragments of chalk in situ in this gravel at Wanstead.
Middle Terrace Drift.
In 1899, the excavations for the sewers of the new roads,
which have been cut through the fields which lie between Wan-
stead Flats and Wanstead Park showed gravel and sand
generally of about 20 feet in thickness overlying the London
Clay. From these sections I have obtained many Palaeolithic
implements, a fair proportion of which have been derived from
the High Terrace Drift. Near the south-east corner of Wanstead
Park the river Roding has cut into the Middle Terrace gravels,
a small natural section of which is there exposed.
Great Ilford.
A full description of the sections which have been exposed in
the Cauliflower Brickyard during the past few years is given in
the Geologists' Association paper. At this place, the brickearths
are well seen and numerous fossils have been obtained from the
sections. The sections which are cut from west to east, i.e.,
along the northern face of the brickyard vary greatly in detail,
but the north to south exposures present more constant
characters. This is what one would naturally expect seeing that
whereas the former are cut across what may be termed the strike
of the beds, the latter on the other hand are coincident with the
dip of the strata. Special attention was given by the author to
the contorted drift, which from the evidence noted in the before-
mentioned paper, I regard as owing its origin to river-ice
which floated down the Thames towards the close of the
Palaeolithic period. (Two figures of sections of the contorted
drift are given).
The more interesting of the Palaeontological discoveries
made by the author at this place are the following :—
A specimen of Limnaea glabra was kindly identified for me by
Messrs. A. S. Kennard and B. B. Woodward, F.L.S. This