344 PLEISTOCENE GEOLOGY OF THE THAMES VALLEY.
do not differ materially from those of the former section with the
exception that a somewhat larger quantity of clay is shown.
We have obtained bones and teeth of Bos primigenius, Rhinoceros
sp., and Elephas sp., here,
(c.) Still further to the east on the other side of Milwood
Lane a similar section is exposed in the tramway cutting of the
Lion Cement Works quarry. The brickearth series here con-
tains a considerable quantity of irregular chalky gravel, and
there are several beds of gravel interstratified with the sand and
loam. Towards the southern end of the tramway the section is
now much overgrown, but Mr. Whitaker noted (op. cit. p. 418)
that "there was at first little but sand ; then gravel and sand
over loam and clay, sometimes with sand beneath and still
further, before getting to the road, gravel and sand only.
South of the road again there was sand and loam, with gravelly
layers beneath a little gravel, and then gravel only."
A new gravel pit in the Lion Cement Works south of the
road and within a dozen yards of the junction of the Drift with
the alluvium showed twelve feet of exceedingly coarse and
almost unstratified gravel, the base of which was not seen. The
gravel clearly overlies the brickearth series to the north as is
evident from Mr. Whitaker's notes. Mr. W. L. Reid and the
authors have obtained several Palaeolithic flakes from this pit.
(d.) Grays Portland Cement Works. A good section of the
brickearth series is exposed here agreeing in general with those
seen in the other pits. It bears a very close resemblance to that
of the Tunnel Pit in the very large quantity of chalk pebbles
which occur in the lower part of the series.
(e.) Between Purfleet and Grays there are numerous small
sections of the gravel exposed in old ballast pits by the side of
the railway.
(2.) EASTERN PORTION.
The eastern portion of the Middle Terrace Drift of Grays is
of especial interest since the magnificent mammalian remains
and the richly fossiliferous shell beds which made the name of
Grays Thurrock famous were contained and exposed in this
tract. Now, unfortunately, but little of these beds is left, but