252 THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB. Mr. W. Cole said that the remarkable point about Mr. Massee's discovery was, that this conspicuous fungus should have escaped the notice of all the acute botanists who had for 21 years attended the Annual Fungus Forays of the Club. It was possible that the recent extensive thinnings in the Forest had somewhat altered the character of the soil, and that the resulting conditions had proved more favourable for the Amanita than those previously obtaining. The President, in proposing a vote of thanks to Mr. Massee, alluded to the hypothesis of the deferred germination of the buried seeds of plants, as being possibly analogous to the case of the Hymenomycete. The vote of thanks was carried unanimously. Mr. Charles H. Read, F.S.A. (Keeper of the Department of British and Mediaeval Antiquities, British Museum) then gave a most interesting and instructive Address on the subject of Local Archaeological Investigation He urged the importance of such a society as the Essex Field Club making a careful examination of the numerous prehistoric sites in the county. But in conducting such explorations great caution was necessary. An earthwork should be explored only by persons acquainted with the right methods of working and the varied knowledge of the geologist, antiquary and ethnologist was often necessary to conduct the enquiry on right lines and to correctly interpret the results obtained. He advised the making of an archaeological survey of the county, plotted down on a large scale map, as being one piece of work well within the power of a local society. On it all barrows, mounds and other indications of prehistoric occupation should be carefully marked down. Then should these sites be threatened by the interference of the owners of land or other persons, the opportunity should be taken by the Club, to make explorations carefully and scientifically, so as to prevent the misfortune which they had so often to lament of the destruction of prehistoric monuments with no record of evidence from which their nature or period could be inferred. The lecturer alluded to the very interesting "Red Hills" of the Essex Estuary lands, from which the series of specimens in the Museum had been obtained by Mr. Cole, He thought that these remains should be investigated, and suggested that the Society of Antiquaries might possibly make a grant to the Club towards the expenses of exploration. Mr. Read referred to the great want of exact knowledge of the sequence of the "Bronze Age" and the importance of gathering all the evidence possible before it was too late to do so. Although he recognised the great value of local Museums, he deprecated the establishment of a large number, because he feared the interest in them would thereby be lessened by the diffusion of objects which were best studied and appreciated when gathered together in large collections. He also pointed out that it was not conducive to the promotion of archaeological knowledge to keep in local Museums objects of extreme rarity which had no relation whatever to other exhibits. It was much better to send these to the National Museums, where perhaps such an object would find a place among the larger series of antiquties, and even fill a gap in a world-wide collection. The President, in proposing that the thanks of the Club should be given to Mr. Read for his valuable and suggestive address, pointed out that historical records, of the nature of local traditions, very often clung with great persistence