OF EPPING FOREST. 273
Characters of the Braconidae. Wings with a moderate number of cells.
The anal or second posterior cell is separated from the cubital cells by a large
space having no cross nervure. (Fig. 2 B.) Antennae not elbowed, nearly
always more than fifteen jointed. Abdomen with little mobility between the
segments, the suture between second and third usually absent.
Characters of the Cynipidae. Wings with few cells and having no stigma.
Pronotum fixed to the mesonotum, the angles extending back to the points of
insertion of the front wings. (Fig. 3 A.) Antennae straight, composed of
twelve to fifteen joints.
Besides the true gall-makers there are other genera of the
Cynipina which live as Inquilines in various Cynip galls. Such
genera are :—
(1.) Synergus: This is represented in nearly all oak galls.
(2.) Ceroptres: Occurring chiefly in Andricus trilineatus
galls.
(3.) Sapholytus : In galls on Quercus cerris.
The Synergidae have the radial cellule of the wings closed,
but in the Cynipidae the subcostal vein is not continued along
the front margin. In this way they can be easily distinguished.
(See Fig. 3.)