OF EPPING FOREST. 143
being on June 4th, though doubtless it appeared at an earlier
date.
(4.) Agamic Generation. IV. Neuroterus fumipennis
(Htg.). Inquiline. Synergus tscheki (Mayr.)
Gall.
Appears on the under-surface of the leaf. Numbers are found
on one leaf, but usually they are not so numerous as in the
preceding case (diameter 2-3 mm.). Colour: Pale reddish
covered with a very delicate pubescence. Shape: Circular or,
nearly so, with edges more or less curved upwards, and often
emarginate.
Imago.
Colour: Black. Antennae: Brownish, 2-3 basal joints yellow. Thorax:
Dull black, scutellum strongly shagreened. Abdomen: At base orange. Legs:
Orange. Coxae brownish. Wings: Hyaline. 1st cubital cellule clouded.
(4.) Sexual Generation. IVa. Neuroterus tricolor
(Htg.) Inquilines. Synergus albipes (Htg.) S. facialis (Htg.)
S. thaumacera. (Dalm.)
Gall.
This appears on the leaf and sometimes on the stem. There
may be one gall only, but usually more. Two or three may be
amalgamated, and the leaves are usually more or less distorted.
Colour: White or reddish, covered with a fair number of stiff
upright pinkish or white hairs. Shape: Round, with the top
sometimes slightly flattened. Texture: Soft and succulent.
Imago.
Colour: Black. Antennae: Dark, with basal joints paler. Thorax:
Slightly shining, scutellum rugose. Abdomen: Dark brown, broadly reddish at
the base. Legs: Yellowish red. Wings: Clouded, especially at the apices.
Account of Generation Cycle.
The Neuroterus fumipennis galls fall to the ground in autumn,
but the larvae remain as such throughout the winter, and in
March they will be found to be in the same state as in the
preceding autumn, when the galls dropped to the earth. They
pupate at the end of April, and the perfect insects emerge in
May. The eggs are laid in the swelling buds, giving rise to
Neuroterus tricolor galls in June. These galls mature in July,
yielding up the insects at about the middle of the month. As in
all the preceding species, the sexual generation oviposits in the