48 THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB.
more common minerals associated with them. A small series is arranged to
illustrate the elementary principles of geological science, while another similar
series is devoted to the study of the fracture of flint, and illustrates the
characteristic forms assumed by that substance when broken up by natural
forces, or when designedly flaked by human artifice.
Among objects especially relating to Essex and its borderlands, there are,
in the geological series, numerous fossils from the London Clay and Red Crag of
the East Essex coast. Among the former may be mentioned a series of Shark's
teeth (some of them in unusually fine preservation), various other remains of Fish,
Crustacea, Nautili, etc., and a nearly complete Marine Turtle (very few of which
have been found during recent years. There are also Shells and Shark's teeth
from the Lower London Tertiaries from well sections just over our borders in
eastern Herts, and a series of Pleistocene Mammalia from the Lea Valley,
including molar teeth of Elephas primigenius, horn-cores of Bison, antlers of
the woodland variety of Reindeer, etc.
Among the prehistoric remains, which form a considerable part of the collection,
there are some interesting series from our district. Palaeolithic Implements from
the River-drifts of North-east London and from the district about Enfield,
Waltham Cross, and Cheshunt ; and also another series from the Gravels
capping the cliffs at Frinton-on-Sea. The Implements from Not th-eaat London
include some fine examples of Mousterien types of "Side-scrapers" and
"points." A fine Palaeolithic Implement found near Waltham Cross in the Lea
Valley much resembles the classical example from the Grays Inn Road, London,
now in the British Museum. In the Neolithic series there are numerous
examples of Arrow-points, Axe-heads, Scrapers, etc., found in the area surround-
ing Epping Forest, and also a fair number from the East Essex coast.
Associated with the former at one locality there was a considerable amount of
Hand-made Pottery of early fabric. With this were found several pieces of
burnt clay with impressions of wattle-work, and a carefully dressed and much
worn slab of Sarsen Stone, measuring 71/4 inches by 5 inches, by about three-
quarters of an inch in thickness, which had doubtless been used for crushing
grain, while near it was found a "Pounder" made of conglomerate. The
Romano-British remains from our district include some pottery from Abridge
and roofing tiles from the kiln at Coopersale Common, Epping.
Mr. Warren has been accustomed to throw his museum open to public
inspection on certain afternoons and evenings, and to give short expositions
and explanations for the information of his visitors. His generous and
enlightened action in this one of the best forms of popular education, has, we
understand, been highly appreciated in the district.
Whilst the inspection of the museum was in progress tea was served in the
dining-room to batches of the visitors.
A short Meeting was, towards the end of the afternoon, held in the museum,
when the President, Mr. Miller Christy, expressed the pleasure of the members
present at the opportunity of inspecting this remarkable private collection, and
appreciation of the kind reception they bad met with. He proposed that the
Club should pass a cordial vote of thanks to Mr. and Mrs. Warren for their great
kindness. This was seconded by Prof. R. Meldola, F.R.S., and carried by
acclamation.
Mr. Warren replied and expressed the pleasure they had in welcoming the
Club at their house.