THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB. 31
in the trade about that time, but they have no knowledge of the imple-
ments. It may be their use was not general, or it may have been general
at an earlier period, and survived in this particular case.
No. 1 is the most highly polished implement; it was made from the
metacarpus bone of a horse. It has had the projections at ends slightly
cut away, making them better for handling, and, judging from its high
polish, must have been in use for a considerable length of time.
Nos. 2 and 3 were made from the bones of the metatarsus of horse,
and have been roughly shaped at the ends. No. 2 shows traces of polishing
in the centre; apart from this neither shows signs of use. Enquiry in
other localities may result in similar examples, or traces of their use.
Colour Photography.—Mr. Frederick Brand exhibited, on behalf
of Mr. W. H. Ault, some lantern-slides illustrating the Lumiere process of
Colour Photography. Owing to an accident which had happened to a
number of the slides, only six could be shown, being scenes in Epping
Forest, &c. Mr. Brand said that the slides were somewhat dense, but
the colours were very true to Nature. The process is somewhat expensive,
but can be carried out by one exposure in the camera, and the rest of the
work is done on the same plate, no extra plate or film being necessary.
Water-Colour Drawings of Essex Scenery.—Mr. John Avery
exhibited a collection of over 50 original water colour drawings, illustrating
old Chelmsford, Barking and other districts in the county. He mentioned
that the drawings exhibited formed a portion only of the work executed
for him by the artist, Mr. A. Bennett Bamford, who was now serving with
the Essex Regiment.
Palaeolithic Implements and Seeds.—Mr. Arthur Wrigley ex-
hibited a series of Palaeolithic implements from the low level gravel of the
Lea at Hackney Wick; a collection of plant seeds (named and mounted
by Dr. Clement Reid, F.R.S.) from the peat occurring at the base of the
same gravel; and a socketed bronze spear-head found near the top of
the gravel in the same neighbourhood. (See Mr. Wrigley's paper in the
present part of Essex Naturalist.)
Mr. Cole exhibited, on behalf of Mr. F. E. Lambert, Chief Officer
of the s.s. "Mamari," a large Hawk-Moth belonging to the genus
Chaerocampa or Deilephila. The moth was captured on board the vessel
in the South Atlantic, Lat. 28° 35'S., Long. 42° 28' W., 300 miles from land.
The nearest allies in England are Deilephila livornica or Chaerocampa
celerio, both very rare visitors to this country. The moths are abundant
throughout the Mediterranean region, Southern Asia and Africa. They
are very powerful flyers, and apparently migratory. Some species have
been found on ships many miles from land. Mr. Lambert had presented
the specimen to the Museum.
Gall on Willow.—Mr. Miller Christy, F.L.S., gave an account of the
occurrence and distribution of the new "Witches Broom" gall on the
Crack Willow (Salix fragilis), which is now spreading so rapidly around
London. Observations on the gall were made by Mr. W. Cole and Mr. C.
Nicholson. [A paper on the subject embodying Mr. Christy's remarks
and further details will appear in a future part of the Essex Naturalist'.