CORRESPONDING SOCIETIES' COMMITTEE. 271
gave as his reason for noting them that he wished to emphasize
the necessity for preserving all old maps and atlases before it
is too late, and he recommended that each Society should col-
lect, store and eventually catalogue and describe the maps relat-
ing to its own area. He mentioned that the first engraved
Map of England and Wales was by Humphry Lloyd, published
in 1573, the first County Map was of Yorkshire, by Christopher
Saxton, about 1579, and he referred to other Maps by the Carto-
graphers, John Speed, Kip, Holl, and to that of the British
Counties, published in Holland, by Blaen and Janson. In 1801
the Government issued their series of Ordnance Maps, since when
private enterprise in map surveying has practically stopped.
Maps of the 13th and 14th centuries were on vellum, and are
principally remarkable for their quaintness, and historically
interesting from the place-names and the rough sketches of
ecclesiastical buildings, castles, and fortifications delineated.
The first Geological Map was thought of by Dr. Martin Lister,
who, in a communication to the Royal Society in 1683-84, sug-
gested maps showing soils and rocks in different colours or other-
wise distinguishing them by lines or etchings. His suggestion,
however, was not put into practice until 1799, when William
Smith produced a Map of 5 Miles around the City of Bath, which
was coloured geologically in three colours. That map may
now be seen in the Library of the Geological Society at Burling-
ton House. Smith issued his Geological Map of England and
Wales in 1815, and it has formed the basis of all subsequent
Geological Maps.
At the close of his remarks the President said that, hitherto,
it had not been the custom to criticize the Presidential Address,
but on the present occasion he invited criticism. A few dele-
gates spoke, suggesting that the address should be printed and
circulated among the Societies, and also that ancient monu-
ments, bronze implements, etc., should be duly registered and
recorded.
The second meeting of the Conference was held on Friday,
27th August, at 2 p.m. ; Mr. Sheppard again presided. Mr.
W. Whitaker, F.R.S., opened a discussion on "The Status of
Local Societies,—the Means of Developing their Objects, of
getting New Members, of Making Announcements and of Publish-
ing Papers."