70 THE ESSEX NATURALIST.
and only very slightly altered in mineral condition. It is made
out of banded, or marbled, flint, like many others from the
district. The extreme butt-end is untrimmed, and formed of
the natural cortex. Size 118 x 76 x 42 mm. (the greater part
being thinner).
There are twenty-seven other implements with Swanscombe
record belonging to the same group :—Nos. 1b, 9, 25b, 40a (this
approaches the ovate), 40b, 42f, 47, 51d, 56b, 58, 61, 74b, 76b.
78a, 80 (this approaches the ovate), 91a, 91b, 94. 96a, 96b, 99b
(this is apparently an unfinished failure), 100b, 100d, 108b, 112,
113c (a pointed-ovate). 109a, of the same class, shows surface-
soil patination on one face.
No. 18 is a pointed implement, somewhat rude, and with a
central keel and triangular section, but this peculiarity is due
to the unsatisfactory shape and poor flaking quality of the
flint (Bullhead flint).
No. 48 is a pointed-ovate, twisted, with surface-soil whitening.
It is very probably from the Trail overlying the true river-
deposits.
No. 88c is a pointed implement of small size made from a
flake ; in marbled flint.
No. 26b is a "finishing flake" (compare page 72).
No. 25c (Plate IX., fig. 6) is a thin, flat ovate, without twist.
No. 88d (Plate IX., fig. 7) is a twisted ovate, considerably
abraded. This lateral ogee twist of the edge is particularly
characteristic of the Later Acheulean, but some implements
that would appear to be earlier present the same feature.
No. 99a (Plate IX., fig. 4) is a rude side-chopper of segmental
form, partly ochreous and abraded, in marbled flint. This is
very like the Mesvinian side-choppers from the "elephant-bed"
of Clacton. The Mesvinian may very probably extend back
into the Chellean as an independent but contemporary industry.
Size 118 x 88 x 55 mm.
No. 51a. This specimen "from Swanscombe" is a pseudo-
implement of freshly quarried chalk flint, made in the wash
mills.
No. 100a is an inconsiderable prehistoric core of uncertain
affinities, but not from the Chellean gravel.
The following specimens, although without local record,
may be referred to the same locality with a considerable degree