BIRD-LIFE NEAR GILWELL PARK, SEWARDSTONE. 67
the virgin female. From these five males were bred, thus going
to confirm the experience of other observers that only this sex
is produced from parthenogenetic ova.
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE.
1. Methoca ichneumonides, female, x3.
2. ,, ,, male and female paired, x2.
3. ,, ,, cocoons of male and female from which the
insects have emerged, x2.
BIRD-LIFE NEAR GILWELL PARK,
SEWARDSTONE.
By ALICE HIBBERT-WARE, F.L.S., M.B.O.U.
(With Map.)
[Read 25th October, 1930.]
THE seventy-six species of birds mentioned in the list
appended to the present article are those that have been
observed by the writer during the years 1920 to 1930, within a
radius of four miles around Gilwell Park. The great majority
have, however, been seen within two miles of that centre. The
birds are grouped ecologically, according to the nature of the
country that they frequent, and they are therefore placed under
the following headings:—
1. Birds that nest on or in buildings.
2. Birds that frequent small ponds.
3. Birds that frequent open spaces, such as Gilwell Park
and the West Essex Golf Links, Chingford Plain and
Yardley Hill, certain grass fields containing clumps of
bushes, and the Forest clearings.
4. Epping Forest, including the beech and birch woods of
High Beach, the hornbeam and oak forest of Hawk
Wood, Bury Wood and Warren Wood, Gilwell Lane
and Green Lane.
It is obvious that many species may and do frequent two or
more of these localities. In such cases the writer has described
the bird in the locality where it has come specially under her
notice.
All notes given in this paper were written in a card index
as soon as possible after the birds had been seen, so that nothing