10 THE ESSEX NATURALIST.
pointed form. It shows much hackling of the edge and strong
right-handed finish, producing a precisely similar twist to that
seen in No. 4. It is also from the Frinton gravels and is un-
abraded.
Fig. 2, 4, is a typical twisted ovate, with strong right-handed
finish to the upper part of the implement, as indicated by the
heavy line. In the cross-section, 4c, the inner line indicates
the plane of the edge at the higher reference points of the face
view : thus indicating the twist of the edge as viewed from the
top or pointed end of the implement. This again is from the
Frinton gravels and unabraded. One can safely date this to
the twisted-ovate group or Broom industry (the former
Acheulian), but the dating of No. 3 is more difficult : it may
easily be of the same date as No. 4, but one cannot be sure.
I have about 20 other implements, besides a large number
of flakes, from the gravels of the Frinton district. Taking a
general view of these evidences, together with the situation
and character of the gravels themselves, I think the most probable-
interpretation is that the Frinton gravels are remnants of the
Boyn terrace of the Thames and that the "oldest class" im-
plements originally belonged to these gravels ; the later imple-
ments being introduced into them during subsequent re-
arrangement and "trailing."
I have found implements further inland in the Tendring and
Weeley districts, but much work needs to be done before any
useful conclusions could be reached. Some Pleistocene bones
of deer were found some years ago at Pilcocks Hall, Tendring,
but these were retained by the. farmer and have probably
disappeared.
I know of no fauna from the gravels that I regard as remnants
of the Boyn terrace, the Pilcocks gravel probably being later.
A good many Palaeoliths have been found by Mr. Mothersole,
Mr. Haward and others, including myself, on the sea shore at
Stone Point, beyond the Naze. One does not know where
they come from ; they are probably of mixed date, and,
unfortunately they do not help in the problems of correlation.
The Upper Dovercourt Industry.
This industry was discovered independently by the late
Colonel Underwood and myself, but the pits have now been