6
THE ESSEX NATURALIST.
Bate's advice I am able to present a provisional list of ten
Essex fossil birds. I have decided for the present at least to
exclude Bell's Turkey. I have never been completely satisfied
and Miss Bate points out that as the remains come from river
alluvium they might be quite recent. She has received horse
bones and Dutch tiles, which have been found at a depth of
several feet in a river bed.
ESSEX GEOLOGICAL BIRDS.
The White-tailed Eagle. Haliaeetus albicilla albicilla (L.),
H. Woodward refers a left tibia from the peat and shell-marl
at Walthamstow to H. pelagicus and R. Lydekker held similar
views. Miss D. M. A. Bate has kindly re-examined this bone
for me and informs me that she is more inclined to consider it
as belonging to H. albicilla.
The Osprey. Pandion haliaetus haliaetus (L.). Peat, Wal-
thamstow (Bell).
The Whooper Swan. Cygnus cygnus (L.). Brick-earths of
Ilford and Grays (Lydekker, Johnson, Hinton and Kennard,
and Bell).
Grey Lag-Goose. Anser anser (L.). Brick-earths of Grays
(Lydekker); Anser sp., Pleistocene deposits of Uphall (J. P.
Johnson); Grays Thurrock and Ilford (Hinton and Kennard,
and Bell).
Brent Goose. Branta bernicla bernicla (L.), Peat, Waltham-
stow (Bell).
Mallard. Anas platyrhyncha platyrhyncha L. Anas sp.,
Uphall brickyard (Johnson); Pleistocene brick-earth deposits,
Grays Thurrock and Peat, Walthamstow (Bell).
Red-breasted Merganser. Mergus serrator L. Lea Valley
(Bell).
Cormorant. Phalacrocorax carbo carbo L. Coracoid from
the brick-earth of Grays (Lydekker); left ulna, Grays Thurrock
(Hinton and Kennard, and Bell).
Wandering Albatross. Diomedea exulans L. Ulna referred
to Uphall Brickyard by M. A. C. Hinton but rejected by John-
son; Pleistocene brick-earth, Ilford (Bell). Miss Bate has re-
examined the ulna mentioned above and confirms that it is
Albatross. She is doubtful that its age is Pleistocene and in
any case if so described it must be with a query.