24
THE ESSEX NATURALIST.
land had taken place was the southern part of the London Clay
outcrop (fig. 5).
In the same report valuable information is given regarding
the change in the economy of the southern district. A few
years before 1880 owners had let farms in this area to Ayrshire
settlers who used the land for dairy-farming. This movement
Pig. 6.—Land Utilisation in Eastern Essex, 1933.
increased during these and the following years, and the con-
dition of this part of the County began to improve, and to work
out an economy as far removed in kind from that of the north-
west as the soil was different in nature. The change to dairy-
farming coincided with the completion of the London-Southend
railway in 1887, and the rapidly growing residential areas of
Southend and the Chelmsford road provided accessible markets
for the dairy produce.