REPORTS OF MEETINGS
61
Mr. E. F. Williams exhibited a specimen of the Silver-studded Blue butter-
fly taken at Fryerning in June 1947 (see Vol. 28, p. 210). Mr. Ross gave a
detailed account of the Mycetozoa collected during the Fungus Foray on 14
October last and showed a number of species which were not found on that
occasion. He said that the chilly weather in spring this year delayed the
development of Mycetozoa and from 1 March to 21 July only thirteen species
were found. By the end of September the number had risen to forty-two and
by 20 October to fifty-two.
He also spoke of the movement of a mass of vegetation carrying with it a
swan's nest with eggs at the Warren Pond, Chingford (see p. 40) and referred
to the adventures of a young Woodlark which was caught near Chingford.
Dr. Curnock gave an account of the recent discovery of a fourteenth cen-
tury wall painting in Lambourne Parish Church (see p. 32).
Mr. Waller showed debris, and mounted slides prepared therefrom, which
he had collected at St. Albans on the occasion of the recent field meeting under
Dr. Rudge's leadership. He stated that an excavation there showed the exist-
ence of a shell band about three feet beneath the surface. This band—about
four feet thick—was almost entirely composed of crushed fresh-water shells
and calcareous matter which Mr. Hazzledine Warren considered to be prob-
ably the casts of small twigs and roots.
Mr. Syms exhibited portions of the tusk and molar of a mammoth elephant
found in a sand-pit at Broxbourne and brought to the Stratford Museum by
Mr. C. W. Large.
He also exhibited a specimen of the large beetle Cerambyx heros Linn.
captured alive on 5 July 1951 on the premises of Messrs. Cariess, Capel and
Leonard at Hackney Wick and presented to the Stratford Museum by Mr.
D. M. Stokes. This species occurs in forests on the continents of Europe and
Asia, the larvae feeding in wood of oak. It is thought that the specimen
emerged from imported timber stored in a timber-yard near by.
Mr. Richard Ward showed pages from the Pictorial Survey and stressed the
need for suitable photographs taken during the Club's field meetings to be
sent for inclusion in the Survey.
After the meeting, tea was taken in the refectory of the College.
Ordinary Meeting (942nd Meeting)
SATURDAY, 24 NOVEMBER 1951
This meeting took place at the West Ham Municipal College at 3 p.m., with
the President, Mr. Laurence S. Harley, in the chair. Seventy members and
friends attended.
Miss M. E. Elliott, of The School House, Netteswell, Harlow, was elected to
membership of the Club.
Mr. Foster gave an account of some investigations which he had made into
the history of the clay tobacco pipe and showed some examples from the
Epping Forest district with illustrations of the varying patterns in use since
tobacco smoking began in 1573. It was stated that determination of the date
of a pipe might be aided in several ways: (1) the date is sometimes shown on
the pipe; (2) the name of the maker, sometimes shown on the pipe, may be
traced in contemporary documents; (3) the shape of the pipe may be com-
pared with pipes shown in woodcut illustrations; (4) the date may sometimes
be indicated by the stratum of the debris in which the pipe was found.
Mr. Bartrop showed a specimen and lantern slide photographs of the fungus
Hydnum setosum on an apple tree in a garden at Margaretting. The tree was
about eighty years old and the fungus covered an area of three or four square
feet and had a strong odour which was noticeable at a considerable distance.
The species does not appear to have been recorded previously from Essex.