36 THE ESSEX NATURALIST
Within this shallow depression there was a series of deposits
lying on the gravel. The following is the general sequence
with the author's interpretation in terms of the stages already
established* :—
Topsoil and made ground variable
6. Marsh clay 3' to 6' Historical
5. Lenses of shell marl up to 3" Rammey
Marsh Stage*
4. Peat 2' to 4' Part or all
of boreal-
atlantic
STAGES
3. Grey silty clay 1' to 1' 6" Nazeing
Stage
2. Grey sand say 6" ?
1. Gravel Ponders End
Stage
This section is almost certainly a continuation of that
described by H. Woodward [1865]. It appears to have been
very variable since the three sections quoted on p. 386 of
Woodward's paper differ from each other and from that now
seen. The tenacious grey sandy clay below the peat was not
mentioned by Woodward. The sample washed by the author
yielded nothing beyond unidentifiable plant remains but from
its position in the series it appears to be proper to the Nazeing
Stage of which it may be a- very much reduced representative
of the "D" sub-stage.
3. The Nazeing Stage at Deephams Sewage Works,
Edmonton.
By the time that new work was started in this project, in
early 1956, the author had succeeded in establishing a sequence
of events starting from late glacial times and continuing until
the present day. It was therefore possible to examine the new
work in the light of this synthesis [Hayward, 1957].
A paper defining the Rammey Marsh Stage is in preparation.
In the meantime details can be obtained from Hayward,
1957, p. 42 seq.