266 THE ESSEX NATURALIST Acknowledgments I am particularly grateful to Dr. Anna B. Hastings for her advice, encouragement and criticism from the inception of this work to its completion. I would also like to thank Dr. Daphne Atkins, of the Marine Laboratory, Plymouth; the Director and staff of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Laboratory, Burnham-on-Crouch, especially Mr. G. Duncan Waugh; and Mr. S. L. Stammwitz, of the Exhibition Section, British Museum (Natural History), for their help and advice; and Dr. A. Anders- sen, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, for the loan of specimens. Finally, I am indebted to Dr. J. P. Harding for his criticisms and suggestions. References Atkins, D. (1955). The Cyphonautes larvae of the Plymouth area and the metamorphosis of Membranipora membranacea (L.). J. Mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 34: 441-449, text figs. 1-4. Barrois, J. (1877), Recherches sur l'embryologie des Bryozoaires : 1-305, pls. 1-16. Lille 4to. Borg, F. (1931). On some species of Membranipora. Ark Zool. 22A, 4: 1-35, pls. 1-3. Borg, F. (1947). Zur Kenntnis der Okologia und des Lebenszyklus von Electra crustulenta (Bryozoa chilostomata). Zool. Bidr. Uppsala, 25: 344-377, text-figs. 1-5. Canu, F. (1928). Trois nouveaux Bryozoaires d'eau douce. Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. Alger. 19: 262-264, pl. 30, figs. 1-2. Canu, F. & Bassler, R. S. (1923). North American Later Tertiary and Quaternary Bryozoa, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 125: 1-302, pls. 1-47, text-figs. 1-38. Howes, N. H. (1939). The ecology of a saline lagoon in south-east Essex. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 40: 383-445, pls. 8-9, text-figs. 1-5, 11 tables. Lohmann, H. (1911). Die Cyphonautes der nordischen Meere. Brandt Nord. Plankt. 9, 13: 31-40, text-figs. 1-8. Marcus, E. (1940). Mosdyr, (Bryozoa eller Polyzoa). Danmarks Fauna, 46: 1-401, text-figs. 1-221. Rees, C. B. (1954). Continuous plankton records; the distribution of Eehinoderm and other larvae in the North Sea, 1947-51. Bull. Mar. Ecol. 4, 28: 47-67, pls. 11-12, text-figs. 1-12. Thorson, G. (1946). Reproduction and larval development of Danish marine bottom invertebrates, .... Medd. Komm. Havunder- sog., Kbh. Ser. Plankton, 4, 1: 1-523, text-figs. 1-199.