FURTHER SUBSIDENCES NEAR STIFFORD, ESSEX 309
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks are extended to Mr. P. Harris for helping with the
soil analysis techniques; Mr. G. I. Crawford for confirming my
identifications of the two species of Corophium.; the laboratory
technician of the University College of North Staffs. for determin-
ing the salinity; Mr. A. Meadows for the loan of a chemical
balance; and Dr. R. G. Evans, Ph.D., F.Z.S., Senior Lecturer in
Biology at the University College of North Staffs. for supervising
the work.
Further Subsidences near Stifford,
Essex*
By R. G. Blezard, F.G.S.
Introduction
The topic of subsidences near Stifford is not new to the pages
of The Essex Naturalist. T. V. Holmes, in his term as vice-
president of the Essex Field Club, read a paper on 12th July
1889 to the Club on this subject. He described some 'singular
subsidences that had shown themselves during the month of
May'. He indicated the positions of three subsidences, (i) near
the junction of Cuckoo Lane and the A.13 arterial road (this was
not built until 1927), and (ii) at a location in the northern section
of Hogg Lane (A.1012) near the left-hand side leaving Grays—
there being two subsidences at this latter position.
Structure of earlier subsidences
A cross-section of one of Holmes' subsidences is given in Fig.
1. and Fig. 2 shows in plan form the locality relationship of
Holmes' subsidences in relation to those mentioned in this paper.
The original pits were probably small scale excavations for
agricultural purposes and their association with deneholes must
be considered strong.
*Paper read at the Essex Field Club meeting on 21st January 1961.