DISTRIBUTION OF THE COMFREYS IN ESSEX 293
Stems more or less unbranched; roots creeping and with tuberous
thickenings; mid stem leaves largest; whitish flowers.
Upright; up to 20" tall; bottom leaves shortly stalked .........
S. tuberosum
Flowering stems upright but with creeping barren stems as
well; up to 10" tall; bottom leaves with long stalks .........
S. grandiflorum
This key has been based upon Ingram (1961), Tutin (1956),
Perring (1962), Bucknall (1913).
I should like to express my deep appreciation to Mr S. T.
Jermyn not only for making available to me his records but also
for his advice throughout the preparation of this article and
without which it could not have been written. Also my apprecia-
tion to Mr J. E. Lousley for helping me with the references.
References
Bangerter, E. B. & Welch, B. (1954). The Comfreys of the London Area.
Lond. Nat, 33 : 55-58.
B.S.B.I. (1962). Atlas of the British Flora.
Bucknall, C. (1913). J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.), XLI : 491-556.
Essex Nat, 24 : 55.
Gibson, G. S. (1862). The Flora of Essex.
Grigson, G. (1962). The Shell Country Book.
Hills, L. D. (1954). The Russian Comfrey.
Ingram, J, (1961). Studies in the Cultivated Boraginaceae. 5. Symphytum.
Baileya, 9: 92-99.
Jermyn, S. T. (1965). In correspondence.
Johns, C. A. (1908). Flowers of the Field. 2nd imp., revised by Elliott, C.
Kent, D. H. & Lousley, J. E. (1954). Hand List of the Plants of the London
Area. Lond. Nat, 33 (Suppl.).
Lindley, J. & Moore, T. (Eds.) (1876). The Treasury of Botany. Revised
ed.
Nicholson, B. E., Ary, S. & Gregory, M. (1960). The Oxford Book of Wild
Flowers.
Perring, F. (1962). Hints on the Determination of Some Critical Species
.... Proc. B.S.B.I., 4: 365.
Schindlmayr, A. (1957). Useful Plants (Trans.).
Tutin, T. G. (1956). The Genus Symphytum in Britain. Watsonia, 3:
280-1.
Wade, A. E. (1958). The History of Symphytum asperum Lepech. and
S. x uplandicum Nyman in Britain. Watsonia. 4: 117-8.