ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. PAGE I. Section of the Blackwater Valley, Essex................... 18 II. Stone Celt from the Neighbourhood of Chelmsford, Essex. .. 30 III. Plan of Ambresbury Banks, Epping Forest............... 58 IV. Imaginary Section through Rampart of a Camp. Section through Rampart of Ambresbury Banks............... 60 V. Fragments of Pottery found in the Rampart of Ambresbury Banks............................................. 62 VI. Map of the Rivers of Essex, and the Natural-History Provinces based on them............................. 80 Sand-pipes in the Chalk at Grays Thurrock, Essex.......... xiv WOODCUTS. PAGE Vanessa Urticae of polychloros type............................ 1 Structure of larvae of Noctuae and Geometrae .................. 21 Cecidomyia Ranunculi...................................... 121 Ceuthorhynchus sulcicollis .................................. 122 Cecidomyia Trifolii ........................................ 123 ,, Ulmaria........................................ 124 Diastrophus Rubi .......................................... 124 RhoditesRosae .................................... 125 „ Eglanteria .................................... 125 ,, Rosarum.......................................... 125 Cecidomyia Rosarum ......................................... 126 Asphondylia Pimpinellae .................................... 126 Hormomyia Millefolii ...................................... 127 Urophora Cardui .......................................... 128