232 Notes on the London Clay and Bagshot Beds
as they are only to be found where the capping of Bagshot
Beds still covers them. Mr. Searles Wood is of opinion that
the different ridges of Chigwell Row, High Beach, and Enfield
have been raised by a force acting from the south-east, and
that all the ridges dip more or less in that direction. If these
ridges are ridges of elevation, the upper beds of the London
Clay and the Bagshot Beds above them should dip in an
easterly or south-easterly direction; but upon this I cannot
at present give an opinion. The sections from wells in the
neighbourhood are not sufficiently numerous or in the best
positions to elucidate the difficulty. Most of the wells are in
the valleys, and as these have all been extensively denuded,
they form little or no guide to the original thickness of the
Fig. 1.—Section showing the strata in the district lying between
Chigwell Bow and Waltham.1
clay. I think there is an easterly dip in the "Oakhill Quarry,"
but the face of the quarry being to the east it is at present
impossible to ascertain the angle at which the beds lie. In
the brick-earth pits at Theydon Mount, which are also in the
upper bed of the London Clay, there is a sharp dip to the
south, so that Theydon Mount at all events consists of
disturbed beds, and the probability is that the surrounding
hills have been elevated in a similar manner. If, then, these
ridges have been uplifted in the same general direction, we
1 [The Club is indebted to Mr. Robarts for the three diagrams illus-
trating his paper.—Ed.]