216 Notes on the Evidence bearing
proportion of Norman or French blood in southern and
eastern England in the time of Edward I. may have equalled
15 or even approached 20 per cent. It was greater than
this, he thinks, in tho south-midland counties, and was con-
siderable in the north and east of Yorkshire.
The Huguenot immigration—in which I include that of
the Flemings and Walloons who came over on account of
religious persecution, as well as tho French—having extended
over a period of 140 years, from the time of Edward VI. to
that of James II., has probably not had its numerical impor-
portance fully recognised.27 In the time of Queen Elizabeth
it was found that 4679 foreigners were settled in Norwich,
while Colchester in 1609 contained 1300 Walloons and other
foreigners. In Elizabeth's time, also, Flemings and Walloons
established the fishery at Yarmouth, and the arts of salt-
making and herring-curing. After the revocation of the
Edict of Nantes in 1685 it is computed, says Mr. Smiles,
that 100,000 French manufacturers and workmen fled into
England, chiefly from Normandy and Brittany. At the be-
ginning of the last century there were 35 French churches in
London and the suburbs. Silk-throwing was introduced
into Essex in the last century, at Braintree, by one of the
Courtaulds ; and in the parliamentary records of this county
the names of Ducane, Pecheli, Papillon, and Rebow are
prominent.28
The British Association appointed, in the year 1875, an
Anthropometric Committee to collect evidence with regard
to the physical characteristics of the inhabitants of the British
Isles. The final report of this committee appears in that of
the British Association for 1883, and is illustrated by five
maps of the British Isles, shaded so as to show the compara-
tive stature, weight, fairness, and darkness of the inhabitants
of the various counties and districts. From the map showing
stature we learn that the tallest men live in Galloway and
27 It must not be forgotten that a considerable number of Frenchmen
came over here before the promulgation of the Edict of Nantes in 1508,
though a much greater number arrived after its revocation in 1685.
28 See Smiles on the Huguenots in England and Ireland.'