Upon British Ethnology.
225
the British soldier and sailor, we may be indebted largely to
the Anglo-Saxon for the love of compromise and hatred of
extremes that have hitherto allowed of the working of parlia-
mentary institutions without violent and fatal shocks. Nor
must we forget what is due to the Huguenots who taught us
so many useful arts, or to the Normans who welded Wessex,
Mercia, and Northumbria into the English Nation.
Appendix.
Notes on the Survival of Fragments of Celtic Languages
in English speaking Britain.
Mr. A. J. Ellis, in a paper on the 'Anglo-Cymric Score'
(Trans. Phil. Soc. 1877-8-9), discussed a set of numerals,
from one to twenty, of Cymric origin, formerly much used
by the shepherds of north-western England, and still to some
extent known there. Mr. Ellis examined fifty-three different
versions of this score; but doubts whether they are a sur-
vival of the former Cymric speech of that region or an impor-
tation thither from Wales. In a review of Mr, Ellis's paper
in the 'Academy' (May 17, 1879), Mr. Henry Bradley gave
four hitherto unpublished versions of the score ; 1, Leeds or
York; 2, Bawtry, Notts; 3, Sheffield ; 4, Brighouse, York-
shire. From a comparison of all the versions hitherto pub-
lished Mr. Bradley is confident that they all descend from
one primitive type, and considers that "these Anglo-Cymric
numerals are entitled to be regarded as a genuine remnant of
the British dialect of the north-west of England, and as
proving that that dialect was nearly identical with the oldest
known Welsh."
In the 'Academy' of Nov. 20th, 1886, appears the fol-
lowing note on the still more remarkable survival of a tongue
of Gaelic affinities :—
"A Pre-Historic Language yet surviving in Britain.
"At the recent Orientalist Congress in Vienna, Mr. C. G.
Leland read a paper on 'The Original Gypsies and their
Language,' not tho least interesting part of which was a