2
uniform system throughout. I adopted, therefore, whatever
method seemed best adapted to bring together the papers dealing
with closely related subjects. The localities are grouped together
in districts, which are broadly based on the river systems, be-
ginning with the Thames and Lea, and then passing down the
other valleys (Crouch, Colne, etc.), from their sources towards
the sea. The papers under three of the headings (namely, Prob-
lems of Pre-Palaeolithic Man, Deneholes, and Red-Hills) are
arranged in order of date, as date is an important consideration
in those cases.
Matters belonging to historic times are not excluded. These
are not dealt with according to their date, but solely in such
connection as may throw comparison upon more primitive con-
ditions.
I hope that this treatise may prove of value as a record of
work accomplished, and also as an incentive to further
investigation in the days which we have come to speak of as
"after the war"—days which will be, we hope, happier days,
but which yet seem so far from us.
The publications of the Club dealt with in the following
pages are four in number, as follows .—
[1] Transactions and Proceedings of the Essex Field Club,
vol. i. (1880-1881) to vol. iii. (1882-1883) (cited as
T. & P.).
[2] Transactions of the Essex Field Club, vol. iv. (1886)
(cited as Trans.).
[3] Proceedings of the Essex Field Club, vol. iv. (1883-
1887: pub. 1892) (cited as Proc).
[4] Essex Naturalist, vol. i. (1887) to vol. xviii. (in part),
1915 (cited as E.N.).
On the title page of the first volume of the Trans. and Proc.
the Club is called "The Epping Forest and County of Essex
Naturalists' Field Club."
The Proceedings in vols. i. to iii. and vol. iv. are paged
separately in Roman numerals.
I have ignored in what follows the contents of all the
Special Memoirs, Museum Handbooks, and pamphlets issued by
the Club
In the record which follows the entries are numbered at
the end, while cross-references are placed in square brackets.