RELATION OF PALAEOLITHIC AND GLACIAL DEPOSITS. 5
1904, pp. 249-250). Near the former place, the Chalky
Boulder Clay was seen underlying the river gravel. A
palaeolithic flake was found on the occasion by Mr. Whitaker
in the gravel (p. 256), and was presented to the Museum. 13.
Felstead-Stebbing (J. French, E.N., vi., 1892, pp. 132-138),
gives some evidence on the subject, and also refers to more
modern Blown Sand on Stebbing Downs. 14
Upminster-Hornchurch, new railway (T. V. Holmes, E.N.,
vii., 1893, pp. 1-14, map and sections ; visit to site, vi.,
1892, pp. 96-97). Continuing from number 38, the author
describes further sections in the Mid and High Terrace
the most important point being a mass of Chalky
Boulder Clay, some 300 yards long, and measured up to 15
feet thick, occupying a hollow in the London Clay, and
covered by the High Terrace gravel of the Thames at 90
to over 100 feet O.D. 15
Romford, new railway (T. V. Holmes, E.N., viii., 1894, p.
155, quotation). Further exposures of Boulder Clay in
the Romford cutting (a repetition of the features of 15)
[38, 71]. 16
Hoxne, Suffolk (T. V. Holmes, E.N., ix., 1896, pp. 245-247). 17
Hitchin, Herts (T. V. Holmes, E.N., x., 1897, pp. 49-51). Re_
views on the well-known reports by Mr. C. Reid on the
relation of palaeolithic man to the Glacial period. 18
For further evidences, vide 43, 46, 47.
Although the matter has recently been disputed, the evi-
dence of th? above sections confirms the conclusions reached on
other grounds, namely —that the portions of the river valleys
which are of palaeolithic age were cut out of an undulating
plane of Boulder Clay : the palaeolithic gravels representing
this denudation being full of derivative Glacial debris.
A complication arises from the deep drift-filled Glacial lake-
basins, some of which are far deeper than the present valleys.
The Boulder Clay in the Blackwater valley [12 and 13] undoubted-
ly represents such a lake-basin, no matter whether the inter-
pretation of the deep well-section [11] be correct or not. The
Hornchurch-Romford Boulder Clay is also probably on the
bottom of a lake-basin—it is not probable that the whole Thames
valley was excavated to this depth at that time.
Although the Stratigraphical evidence thus shows that
the palaeolithic deposits are later than the major glaciation of
this country, the. evidence of the Ponder's End stage [69, 70],
nevertheless, equally proves that there was a recrudescence of