12
PRE-HISTORY IN ESSEX.
"Primeval Man in the Valley of the Lea," T. & P., iii.,
1883, pp. 102-147, 24 figs, including map and numerous sections.,
Palaeoliths from Waltham and Cheshunt and other localities
in the Lea Valley, and from the Stoke Newington district. The
stratigraphy of the "Trail" and also the "three ages" of
implements are illustrated and described. The latest of these
three series is Mousterian, the intermediate is that formerly
known as Acheulian (although this term is now used in a
different sense), but now called Chellean. The earliest of the
three stages is truly Palaeolithic : it is not Strepian, and
it is certainly not Chellean, as now understood. It has never
received adequate recognition ; but, as it was first described
in this country, one would think that it should receive an English
name.
Ibid. continued, E.N., i., 1887, pp. 36-38, 2 figs. Records
further discoveries nearer the source of the Lea. Wheathamp-
stead, in gravel south of the river at 400 feet O.D. (the river
being 300 O.D.). Also at Hertford and Ware, and still further
up the valley at Harpenden and Luton.
Ibid. continued, E.N., i., 1887, pp. 83-91, 17 figs. Describes
some replaced flakes from the Mousterian "floor" of N.E.
London and discusses the manufacture of stone implements.
Some "fabricators" are illustrated, one of which found "with
other palaeolithic relics" at Little Thurrock would now be
called a "grattoir Tarte."
Ibid. continued, E.N., i., 1887, pp. 125-136, 15 figs., and Proc.
iv., 1884, p. cxxvi. Describes additional implements from the
"floor," and also two pointed birch stakes, nearly 4 feet
long, associated with branches of Clematis vitalba, fronds of
Osmunda regalis, etc., and charred wood. Mingled with this
debris were many flakes and one implement. This probably
represented, if not a hut, at least a "wind-brake," like that
used by the Australians, and also by the shepherds of this country
to-day [107, 108]. 74
Illustrations of re-working of older implements at a later
date (E.N., fi., 1888, pp. 68, 2 figs) from the Stoke Newington
"floor," and elsewhere. 75
"Lepores palaeolithici, or the Humorous Side of Flint Imple-
ment Hunting" (E.N., ii., 1888, pp. 7-12). 76
Large and heavy examples of palaeolithic implements (E.N.,