GAME TRAPPING, FISHING.
37
leads to the bag net at the end. There are often several
pipes round a single decoy pond, in order to secure the
advantage of the wind, which should blow down the pipe.
A somewhat similar method is employed on dry land for
other game, not water-fowl. 304
"Wild-Fowl Decoys in Essex." Minor notices on the same
subject (E. A. Fitch and Miller Christy, E.N., ii., 1888,
p. 197 ; E. A. Fitch, E.N., x., 1898, pp. 234 ; 293). 305
"Modern Falconry" (F. J. Mann, E.N.. 1888, p. 209-217). 306
"Indian Hawks and Hawking" (C. H. Thompson, E.N., ii.,
1888, pp. 217-221). 307
"Of Hawks and Hounds in Essex in the Olden Times" (J. E.
Harting, E.N., iii., 1889, pp. 189-198). 308
These three papers give much information.
"Kettle" or "Kiddle" Nets (E.N., xv., 1907, p. 54 ; xv., 1909,
p. 275). These are used still on the tidal flats of the Maplin
Sands [there are old ones near Frinton, at the mouth of
the Holland Brook, and I have also seen them in Lincoln-
shire and elsewhere]. The nets are supported by stakes
driven into the shore in the form of a V. with the point
directed towards the sea, and the fish become caught in
them as the tide recedes. 309.
Thorn Fish-hooks (E. Lovett. E.N., x., 1898, pp. 300-305).
Fish-hooks made of the whitethorn are used in the Essex
estuaries. A long line is left on the mud, and the fish are
taken oft at the next low tide. They have an advantage
over steel hooks in that they tend to float and do not
get buried in the silt. Also gives comparative information
about flint gorges, and other primitive fish-hooks, in different
parts of the world. The gorge is pointed at both ends,
attached round the middle, and baited in a position straight
with the line. 310
Thorn Fish-hooks, France (E. Lovett and F. Daleau, E.N.,
xii., 1901, pp. 28-31, 4 figs.). White-thorn fish-hooks
are used in the Gironde, and also straight double-point ed
gorges of wood. A Palaeolithic ivory gorge has been found
in a cave in the Gironde. Bone gorges are used in Alaska
for catching sea-birds. 311
Thorn Fish-hooks, Wales {E.N., xiii., 1903, p. 46, fig.). Used
at the fishing village of Langharne. 312
Thorn Fish-hooks, Crouch Estuary (H. Rand, E.N., xvii.,
1912, p. 124). Exhibition and presentation of a line of
whitethorn fish-hooks to the E.F.C. Museum. 313