7. NESTING OF LITTLE RINGED PLOVERS AT CHIGWELL This following report regarding the arrival and subsequent nesting of two pairs of Little Ringed Plovers at a recent gravel digging adjacent to the River Roding and M11 motorway, at Chigwell, must be read as a comment on our society. It concerns the artificial creation of a new and rather distinct environment which in large part proved unnaturally temporary due to what we conservationists would surely consider as lack of regard for wild life, or shall I say a typically conventional planners view of what is important - namely a tidy conventional landscape. This gravel pit was excavated in 1973/74 to provide ballast for the M11 motorway. Apart from the actual pit, the contractors left several acres of bare clay and gravel surfaces completely denuded of vegetation and heavily indented with a variety of wheel tracks, ditches and holes of various sizes shape and depth. By Spring 1975 colonisation by vegetation had begun and thistles were noticeably the dominant pioneer plant colonising the higher and drier areas. But there were still large areas of bare and sterile- looking clay and gravel surfaces partially covered with shallow pools of water. I first investigated this area in late May (20) on a quiet midweek day (the children from the local council estate who later played there were still at school) and I was the solitary human being present. A kingfisher flashed downstream (the river is only yards from the pit) and two herons stalked along one of the ditches, no doubt feeding on the swarms of tadpoles which blackened the small ponds and ditches. Thousands died when these pools dried out - a rather massive natural tragedy. A pair of tufted duck were