Tortricinae
Mostly medium-sized or large moths with relatively broad forewings. In
some species the costa is slightly excavated and the apex produced so when
at rest with its wings folded the moth is somewhat bell-shaped. The pattern of
the forewings is varied, but generally consists of a basal patch, an outwardly
oblique central fascia and a subapical blotch which are darker than the ground
colour; the latter is generally some shade of yellow, red-brown or fuscous. The
adults of several species, notably in the genus Acleris, are polymorphic, over a
hundred forms having been named within a single species. The majority,
however, vary little. Many of the larvae are polyphagous, feeding on a wide
range either of trees and bushes, or of herbaceous plants. Most feed in spun
leaves, twisting them, this being the origin of the name 'Tortrix'. One or two
species are minor pests on fruit-trees. There are 94 species in the subfamily
which have been recorded in Britain, though several are rare adventives or of
very doubtful authenticity; 71 have been found in Essex. The subfamily
includes some of our most widespread and common moths.
Pandemis corylana (Fabr.) Res., 1885-1980. Polyphagous on trees. Wdspd and c. 49 *Loughton,
etc. (AT).
P. cinnamomeana (Treits.) Res., (1859)-1975. Polyphagous on trees. Loc. and r.
VC 18. 49 Loughton (AT); 40 *Epping (Stainton, 1859: 199); 59 Warley (Thurnall, 1902); 68
Laindon, 1975 (KRT & JEC); 89 Rochford; 80 Woodham Walter (HCH). VC 19. 53 Rowney
Wood, one 1964 (AME).
P. cerasana (Hubn.) Res., 1840-1980. Polyphagous on trees. Wdspd and abdt. 40 *Epping
(Doubleday, H., 1840-1842b).
P. heparana ([D. & S.]) Res., 1871-1980. Polyphagous on trees. Wdspd and abdt. 49 *High Beach
(Boyd diary).
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