THE ESSEX NATURALIST INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORS Submission of material Papers should he submitted by the end of February if they are to be considered for publication in the same year. The Essex Naturalist carries original papers and notes, and communications on all aspects of the flora, fauna, geology and general ecology of the county of Essex. All material is accepted on the understand- ing that it is not currently being offered to or considered by any other publication not produced by the Essex Field Club. Papers relating to adjacent counties or other areas may be submitted if their contents are relevant to the county of Essex and this relevance is indicated in the work. Papers, notes and communica- tions are invited from both members and non-members of the Essex Field Club and from amateurs and professionals alike. All papers will be subjected to peer review prior to acceptance. Notes will be subjected to Editorial review. The Editorial Team of this journal and the Editor of the Essex Field Club Newsletter reserve the right to refer submitted material to each other if appropriate. Titles should reflect accurately the contents of the work and papers should commence with an abstract, followed by an introduction and then the main body of the work. All papers must be typed. Shorter notes and communications may be either typed or neatly hand-written. Paper copy should be supplied to the Editorial Team for consideration. All paper copy contributions must be double-spaced and must be sent in duplicate (original plus photocopy is adequate) and authors must retain their own copy. Accepted text may be sent by e-mail or on Hoppy disk in a format that is compatible with Word for Windows version 7.0. Illustrations The submission of original line artwork, slides and photographs for inclusion is welcome. Please enclose a SAE for return of material. The Editorial Team cannot accept responsibility for loss or damage to items. Distribution maps should preferably be submitted in digital format as Encapsulated Postscript (EPS) files as well as paper copy. Text Do not set text in columns or justify. Dates should follow the format 25th December 1999 or 25.xii.1999. Scientific names should include the genus and cite the author at the first mention; thereafter the author should be omitted and the generic name abbreviated to the initial capital followed by a full point unless confusion with similar names dicatcs that they should be spelled out in full. Measurements should be in metric units and follow the SI system (Systeme Internationale d'Unites) with imperial equivalents in round brackets thereafter if required. Tables and figures must be properly captioned. References In notes and communications references should be given in the text and may be abbreviated; in papers, references should be collected at the end and should follow the format in this volume. Capitalization in titles of books and papers in journals should be kept to a minimum. Journal titles should be in full. Authors must ensure that all references are cited accurately: they will not be checked by the editors. Reprints Authors will receive 25 free reprints of their papers, cut from the journal. Reprints of short notes and communications may be provided if pagination permits but this is not guaranteed as shorter notes may be used to till spaces at the end of longer papers. Wire-stitched reprints and additional reprints of papers may be purchased at cost following consultation with the Editorial Team. Where to send contributions Contributions should be sent to the Receiving Editor Peter Allen B.Sc, Ph.D., 13 Churchgate, CHESHUNT, Herts EN8 9NB.